بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيم 

Preposition

A preposition is derived from a Latin word "preposition" which means placing before.

Definition: A preposition is a word or phrase, which shows the relationship of noun or pronoun with the rest of the sentence.

Note: It shows the meaning of the relationship between words.

Ex: She comes......bus.

Ex: She comes by bus.

 

Note: In the above sentence (she comes) is a separate sentence and (bus) is not a part of the very sentence because it doesn't show the relationship between the first part of a sentence and the second part of a sentence.

Ex: she comes no linking bus.

Ex: she comes by bus. (by is link between she comes and bus)

Ex: we are fighting non-Muslims (no link between we are fighting and non-Muslims)

Ex: we are fighting with non-Muslims. (With is a link between we are fighting and non-Muslims)

 

Note: preposition is used before its object.

It comes before the following.

1: Noun: he is talking about politics.

2: Pronoun: we are thankful to you.

3: Gerund: she is tired of sitting in one place.

4: Infinitive: we have no choice except to obey him.

5: Noun clause: I am sick of what you are saying.

 

Ex: She comes before Ali. (Prep).

Ex: she came before Ali came. (Conj)

Ex: she came before. (Adv)

 

 

Kinds of preposition:

1) Simple preposition: is a preposition, which is made of one word and can be mono or di syllables.

 

Mono syllable prep                                       di syllable prep

In                                                                     between, Until

On                                                                   above, Despite

At                                                                    among,

For                                                                  Under

From                                                               About

With                                                                Behind

Of                                                                    Before

Off                                                                  After

By                                                                   Into

 

Ex: Our house is on Abdara Road.

Ex: I bought this ring for Nagila.

Ex: We are studding the kinds of preposition.

Ex: I study till 12:00 pm.

Ex: My uncle is coming from America.

Ex: I go to university by bike.

Ex: I go to school early in the morning.

 

2) Double preposition: is a preposition that consists of two words and the second word is a simple preposition.

Ex: Because of/ Due to/ Owing to/ In spite of/ Across form/ Next to/ Near to/ Instead of/

According to

 

 

3) Participle preposition: is a preposition, which is made of present participle form of the verb.

Notwithstanding (despite) (k bawajood)

Regarding (k baray may)

Concerning (zehen may raktay howay)

Respecting (zehen may raktay howay)

Considering (zehen may raktay howay)

Following (after) (k baad)

Including (ba shomol)

Excluding (meray baghair)

 

Ex: All human beings are the same notwithstanding some differences.

Ex: I will inform you regarding the test.

 

4) Phrase preposition:

Phrase preposition is a preposition, which is made of three or four words. In the name of By the grace of/ In the memory of/ In light of/ By the permission of/ On behalf of/At the corner of/ In the middle of/ In front of/ In the presence of/ In the absence of/ In association with/ In the event of/ In case of Etc.

 

5) Disguised preposition: is a preposition, which is used in a sentence but can't be noticed.

Ex: they went hunting.

Mean: they went on hunting.

Ex: our class starts at 2 o'clock.

Mean: our class starts at 2 on the clock.